Over 400 British Names: A Journey Through Tradition and Modernity

British Names
by David Harris // January 22  

In an age of cultural diversity and globalization, understanding British names can seem complicated. Many people are often left wondering about the meanings, origins, and appropriate usage of different names in the UK. This concern is especially relevant for parents naming their children, immigrants settling in Britain, or anyone interested in English heritage. To unravel the complexities surrounding British names, here is a clear answer: British names, whether first names or surnames are deeply rooted in history, culture, and tradition. Understanding their naming conventions and the facets that contribute to their identities is essential for immersive storytelling. Our list of British Names can help you decide.

Full List of Over 400 British Names

This comprehensive collection of over 400 British names spans a rich tapestry of cultural heritage, drawing inspiration from English, Scottish, Welsh, Irish, Cornish, and Manx traditions. Each name is paired with its meaning, offering insights into its origins, symbolism, and unique regional influences. This list serves as a treasure trove for those seeking meaningful names with deep roots in British history and culture.

Name Meaning
Aalin Bright, beautiful
Aaron High mountain
Abigail Father’s joy
Abner Father of light
Ada Noble, serene
Adam Man, earth
Adrian Sea or water
Ælfgar Elf spear
Aeron Berry
Aeronwen Fair berries
Æthelfrith Noble peace
Agatha Good, honorable
Aibhne River
Aidan Little fire
Ailbhe White, noble
Ailean Rock, noble
Ailpein White rock
Aisling Dream, vision
Alaric Ruler of all
Alasdair Defender of mankind
Albert Noble, bright
Albertine Noble, bright
Alderney
Place of the elder tree
Aldous Old, wise
Alethea Truthful
Alexander
Defender of the people
Alfred Elf counsel
Alice Noble, kind
Alma Nurturing, kind
Ambrose Immortal, divine
Amelia Work, industrious
Anarawd Unrestrained
Andrew Manly, brave
Annabel Graceful, beautiful
Ansel God’s protection
Anthea Blossom, flower
Anthony
Priceless, praiseworthy
Archibald Genuine, bold
Arnold Eagle power
Arthur Bear, noble
Arwen Fair, noble
Audrey Noble strength
Augustine Majestic, revered
Augustus Great, venerable
Austin Majestic, revered
Ava Life, bird
Bahey Faith
Baldwin Brave friend
Barnaby Son of comfort
Basil Royal, kingly
Beatrice Bringer of joy
Benjamin Son of the right hand
Beorhthun Bright town
Beornwulf Wolf-like warrior
Bernard Brave as a bear
Berrin Short hill
Bertha Bright, famous
Bertram Bright raven
Beryan Cornish saint
Bethan God is my oath
Bhaltair Ruler of the army
Blair Field, plain
Blanche White, fair
Bláthnat Little flower
Bleddyn Wolf cub
Blythe Free spirit, joyful
Braddan Broad valley
Bradley Broad meadow
Brae Hill
Braedon Broad valley
Bran Raven
Brandon Broom-covered hill
Branwen Blessed raven
Briallen Primrose
Brian Noble, strong
Bridget Exalted, strong
Bríghidín Little exalted one
Brooke Small stream
Bruce
From the brushwood thicket
Bryn Hill
Brynley Hill meadow
Cadogan Honor in battle
Cador Warrior
Cadwallon Battle leader
Caleb Faithful, devoted
Callum Dove
Cameron Crooked nose
Caoilfhionn Fair and slender
Caoimhe Gentle, beautiful
Caroline Free woman
Carwyn Blessed love
Carys Love
Catherine Pure
Catreen Pure
Ceadda Battle warrior
Ceallachán Bright-headed
Cedric Kindly, loved
Ceolwulf Keel-wolf
Charles Free man
Charlotte Petite, free woman
Christian Follower of Christ
Christopher Bearer of Christ
Cian Ancient, enduring
Cillian Bright-headed
Clara Bright, clear
Clement Mild, merciful
Coinneach Handsome, fair
Colin Young pup
Conrad Bold counsel
Constance Steadfast, constant
Cora Maiden, heart
Cornelius Horn
Corrag Spear
Cuthbert Famous, bright
Cynog Hound of war
Dafydd Beloved
Daniel God is my judge
Daphne Laurel tree
Darragh Oak tree
David Beloved
Dearbháil True desire
Deirdre Sorrowful
Delyth Pretty, neat
Demelza Fort on the hill
Derek People’s ruler
Derfel Man of the oak
Diana Divine, heavenly
Domhnall World ruler
Dominic Belonging to the Lord
Donald World ruler
Dorian Gift of the sea
Dougal Dark stranger
Douglas Dark river
Dubhán Little dark one
Dùghall Dark stranger
Duncan Brown warrior
Dunstan Hill stone
Dyfnwal Deep, dark brow
Dylan Son of the sea
Éadbhard Rich guard
Eadric Wealthy ruler
Eadwulf Wealthy wolf
Earl Nobleman, warrior
Ebron Famous one
Edgar Wealthy spear
Edith Prosperous in war
Edmund Wealthy protector
Edward Wealthy guardian
Eilidh Radiant one
Eimhear Swift
Éimhín Swift, eager
Eira Snow
Eleanor Shining light
Elgan Bright, shining
Elijah Yahweh is my God
Elizabeth God is my oath
Ella Fairy maiden
Elowen Elm tree
Eloweth Elm tree
Emily Striving, eager
Emma Whole, universal
Emrys Immortal
Eoghan Born of the yew
Eòghan Born of the yew
Eric Eternal ruler
Ethan Firm, strong
Ethel Noble
Euan Born of the yew tree
Eugene Well-born, noble
Eurwyn Golden-white
Evan Young warrior
Evelyn Wished-for child
Fáelán Little wolf
Fearchair Dear one
Fearchar Dear one
Felix Lucky, successful
Fergus Man of force
Ffinlo Fair Lugh
Fiachra Raven
Fiadh Wild, deer
Fiona Fair, white
Fíonna Fair-haired warrior
Fitzroy Son of the king
Flora Flower, blooming
Florence
Flourishing, prosperous
Francis Free man
Frederick Peaceful ruler
Frithric Peaceful ruler
Fynlo Fair Lugh
Gabriel God is my strength
Gareth Gentle, watchful
George Farmer, earth worker
Gerald Spear ruler
Gethin Dark, swarthy
Gilbert Bright pledge
Gilbey Pledge, hostage
Giles Young goat
Godgifu Gift of God
Godric God’s ruler
Gofraidh God’s peace
Gordon Great hill
Graham Gravelly homestead
Grainne Grace, love
Gráinne Grace, love
Grant Great, tall
Gregor Vigilant, watchful
Gregory Watchful, alert
Griogair Watchful, alert
Gruffydd Strong lord
Gwalchmai Battle hawk
Gwalter Ruler of the army
Gwendolyn White ring, blessed
Gwenna Fair, blessed
Gwythian Windy place
Haf Summer
Hamish Supplanter
Hannah Grace, favor
Harold Army ruler
Harper Harp player
Harriet Home ruler
Harrison Son of Harry
Harry Home ruler
Hazel The hazel tree
Hector Holding fast
Henry Ruler of the home
Herbert Bright army
Hereward Army guardian
Hermione Earthly messenger
Heulwen Sunshine
Hilda Battle woman
Holly Holly tree
Horace
Timekeeper, man of time
Howard Brave heart
Hugh Mind, intellect
Humphrey Peaceful warrior
Iain God is gracious
Ian God is gracious
Ignatius Fiery, ardent
Imogen
Innocent, beloved child
Ioan God is gracious
Iollan Noble youth
Iomhair Bow warrior
Iorwerth Handsome lord
Irene Peaceful
Isabella God is my oath
Isay Graceful
Isla Island
Isolde Ice ruler, fair lady
Jack God is gracious
Jacob Supplanter
Jago Supplanter
James Supplanter
Jane God is gracious
Jasper Bringer of treasure
Jemima Dove, gentle
Jeremy God will uplift
Jessica Rich, God beholds
Jocelyn Joyful, playful
John God is gracious
Jonathan Gift of God
Jorvik Wild boar settlement
Jory Farmer
Joseph He will add
Jowan God is gracious
Joyce Lord, cheerful
Julia Youthful
Julian Youthful
Keig Spear carrier
Keir Dark one
Keith Woodland, forest
Kenneth
Born of fire, handsome
Kensa First-born
Kerensa Love, affection
Keverne Kind and gentle
Lachlan Land of lakes
Lamorna Cornish place name
Laoghaire Calf-herder
Laoise Light, radiance
Laura Laurel tree, victory
Lavinia
Pure, woman of Rome
Lawrence Laurel-crowned
Leander Lion man
Leofric Beloved ruler
Leofwine Beloved friend
Lhiannan Enchanted one
Lhoan Noble, bright
Lillian Lily flower, purity
Liosa Flame, light
Llewellyn Like a lion
Llinos Greenfinch
Lorcan Little fierce one
Lorcán Silent warrior
Lorna Victory, honor
Lowen Happy, joyful
Lowenna Happiness, joy
Lucinda Light, illumination
Lucy Light
Ludwig Famous warrior
Mabel Lovable, dear
Madeline
Woman from Magdala
Madog Fortunate, good
Madryn Lady, noble
Màili Bitter, beloved
Malachy Messenger of God
Malcolm
Devotee of Saint Columba
Manannan God of the sea
Mannin Man of Mann
Marcus Warlike
Mared Pearl
Margaret Pearl
Maria
Bitter, wished-for child
Mark Warlike
Martha Lady, mistress
Martin
War-like, dedicated to Mars
Matilda Mighty in battle
Meabh Intoxicating
Meadhbh Intoxicating
Meirion Sea fortress
Meliora Better, improvement
Melwynn Fair brow
Merryn Born of the sea
Michael Who is like God?
Michelle Who is like God?
Miles Merciful, soldier
Millicent Strength in work
Montague Pointed mountain
Morag Great one
Morgan Sea-born, sea-circle
Morgana Circling sea
Muadhnait Little noble one
Murdo Seafarer, mariner
Myfanwy My rare one
Nancy Grace
Naoise Warrior of legend
Naomi Pleasant, beautiful
Nathaniel Gift of God
Neil Champion, cloud
Niall Champion, cloud
Niamh Bright, radiant
Nicholas Victory of the people
Nigella
Champion, dark-haired
Octavia Eighth-born
Odran Little pale one
Oighrig New speckled one
Oisin Little deer
Olivia
Olive tree, symbol of peace
Orry King of the sea
Orson Bear cub
Oscar
Friend of deer, champion
Osgar Spear of God
Osgood Divine good
Osian Little deer
Owen Noble-born, warrior
Pascoe Easter-born
Patrick Noble, patrician
Paul Small, humble
Pedrog Little Peter
Percival Pierces the valley
Perran Little rock
Peter Rock, stone
Philip Lover of horses
Phineas
Oracle, serpent’s mouth
Quaile Watcher, guard
Quentin Fifth-born
Rachel Ewe, gentle
Radcliffe Red cliff
Rædwald Counsel ruler
Randolph Shield wolf
Raymond Wise protector
Reginald Ruler’s advisor
Rhiannon Great queen
Rhiw Hill
Rhodri Wheel king
Richard Brave ruler
Robert Bright fame
Roger Famous spear
Roisin Little rose
Ronan Little seal
Rosalind Pretty rose
Rosen Rose
Rowena Famous joy
Ruadhán Little red one
Ruaridh Red-haired king
Rufus Red-haired
Rupert Bright fame
Saeward Sea guardian
Samuel God has heard
Saoirse Freedom
Sarah
Princess, noblewoman
Sebastian Revered, respected
Senara Light
Sennen Cornish saint
Seoras Farmer, earthworker
Seren Star
Sian God is gracious
Sigeberht Bright victory
Silas Man of the forest
Skeely Wise, skilled
Somhairle Summer wanderer
Sophia Wisdom
Sorcha Radiant
Sorley Summer sailor
Stephen Crown, wreath
Steren Star
Sylvester From the woods
Tadhg Poet, philosopher
Tadhgán Little poet
Talan Claw, talon
Talek Big forehead
Talfrin Iron forehead
Tamara River name
Tamsin Twin
Tavish Twin
Teare Beloved leader
Tegan Beautiful
Tegwen Fair, blessed
Tewdwr People’s ruler
Thaddeus Heart, courageous
Theodric People’s ruler
Thomas Twin
Timothy Honoring God
Tírnan Land of youth
Tomas Twin
Torcan Thunder
Torcuil Thor’s cauldron
Torquil Thor’s cauldron
Tredyn Strong fortress
Tressa Third-born
Tristram Tumult, sorrowful
Turlough Helper, supporter
Uaine Green
Uilleam Strong-willed warrior
Uisdean Intelligent, wise
Ùisdean Mind, intellect
Ulysses Wrathful, warrior
Una Lamb
Urddol Honorable
Urien Privileged lord
Valentine Strong, healthy
Vannin Of Mann
Verran Alder tree
Vincent
Conquering, victorious
Wallace Foreigner, Welshman
Wendle Traveler
Wilfred Desiring peace
William
Strong-willed protector
Winifred Blessed peacemaker
Wulfric Wolf power
Wulfstan Wolf stone
Wynnstan Joyful stone
Xanthe Golden-haired
Yestin Just, righteous
Ysfael Lord of ice
Ysmir Ancient wisdom
Yvette Yew tree, archer
Zachary
The Lord has remembered
Zebedee Gift of God
Zedryn Dark river
Zelah Cornish place name
Zennor Cornish saint
Zephryn Gentle west wind

Guide to Selecting British Names

  1. Research Popular British Names
    • Start by looking up lists of popular British names. Names do have trends, and understanding what resonates in different periods can be beneficial.
    • Example: Names like Oliver and Amelia burst into popularity around 2015. Using an “in vogue” name can connect your characters to current cultural contexts.
  2. Consider Regional Variations
    • British names vary widely based on region. A name that’s popular in London may not hold the same weight in Wales or Scotland.
    • Tip: Including a character from Cornwall? You might choose names like Bronwyn or Ffion.
  3. Use Names with Historical Resonance
    • British history is rich and can add layers to your characters. Consider names inspired by historical figures to evoke certain traits or characteristics.
    • Example: Winston can evoke images of strength and leadership due to Winston Churchill.
  4. Think About the Character’s Background
    • A character’s name can provide insight into their cultural background, socioeconomic status, or even their personality traits.
    • Tip: A character named Poppy might suggest cheerful and lively traits, while a character named Mortimer could give an impression of stuffy sophistication.
  5. Create a Naming Table
    • Maintain a spreadsheet or chart where you can jot down name ideas along with their meanings, origins, and any notable associations.
    • | Name | Meaning | Notable Associations | |————|——————-|—————————————–| | Eliza | “God is my oath” | Eliza Doolittle from My Fair Lady | | Reginald | “Advised ruler” | Reginald “Reggie” Perrin from The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin |
  6. Test the Name’s Fit
    • Once you have a list of potential names, say them out loud. Does it roll off the tongue? Does it feel right with the character’s personality?
    • Tip: If a name feels awkward to pronounce, consider ditching it for something smoother.
  7. Seek Feedback
    • Don’t hesitate to ask beta readers or writing friends what they think about the names you’ve chosen. They can offer insights you may not have considered.

Pros and Cons of Using British Names

Pros:

  • Cultural Authenticity: A British name can lend credibility to your characters, helping readers to immerse themselves in the setting.
  • Symbolic Meaning: British names can come with historical or cultural meanings that deepen a character’s persona.
  • Familiarity: Many readers are more familiar with British names and settings, which may enhance their connection to your narrative.

Cons:

  • Overused Stereotypes: Using names like James or Elizabeth can sometimes feel cliché or overly stereotypical, leading your character to become predictable.
  • Complexity: Some British names or surnames (like “Hugh” or “Fitzwilliam”) may trip up readers unfamiliar with them, potentially detracting from the story.
  • Cultural Missteps: Misusing a name from a specific region or period could alienate readers or diminish authenticity.

Best Practices When Choosing Names

1. Be Mindful of the Sound

The phonetic quality of a name can play a significant role. Some names have a sharp sound, while others are softer. Choosing the right sound can enhance your character’s appeal or suitability.

Examples of Sound:

  • “Margaret” has a classical feel.
  • “Niamh” may be intriguing for its unique pronunciation (knee-iv).

2. Utilize Name Generators with Caution

Online name generators can provide a plethora of options, but they often lack the cultural nuances you’re after. Use these tools as inspiration rather than definite choices.

3. Avoid Naming Clashes

Stay clear of names that sound too similar to other characters in your story, as that can confuse your readers. For instance, having an “Oliver” and a “Olivia” might create mix-ups in the reader’s mind.

4. Embrace the Dynamic Nature of Names

Names can reflect societal changes over time. Consider how the meaning and popularity of names can evolve. For instance, “Patricia” was once wildly popular but now carries a different connotation.

Potential Pitfalls to Watch Out For

1. Too Many Names!

Adding a long list of characters with elaborate British names can become tedious. More isn’t always merrier. Sometimes, simpler names have a stronger impact!

2. Ignoring Character Arc

Ensure the names evolve as your characters do. If your character’s journey is about growth or change, their name may symbolize this transition.

3. Outdated Names

While you might love a name like “Ethel,” consider its relevance to modern readers. Anachronisms can quickly break immersion.

4. Cultural Sensitivity

Not all British names are universally welcomed; some may have historical baggage. It’s essential to ensure the names you select are culturally appropriate and sensitive.

5. Lack of Research

Failing to study the names can lead to unfortunate missteps. Sometimes, a name might sound beautiful but is associated with something negative in British history or culture.

Real-World Applications of British Names

Example Scenario 1: A Historical Novel

In a historical fiction set in Victorian London, characters need names that resonate with grace and dignity. Consider names like Beatrice or Frederick. These names evoke the period and its societal nuances.

Example Scenario 2: A Comedy

For a comedic novel, think about quirky names that stand out. Names like Nigel Snodgrass or Gertie Tickle can add humor, making your characters memorable.

Example Scenario 3: Fantasy Setting

Crafting a British-inspired fantasy world? You could mix traditional British names with fantasy elements. A character named Arwyn can evoke an ethereal feel while still carrying British roots.

Tips for Real-world Applicability

  • Name Board: Assemble a board of names that match your characters’ personalities using Pinterest or a physical board.
  • Attend Workshops: Many writers’ workshops allow exchanging ideas and names; consider joining one to explore inspirations.
  • Practice Naming: Create a short story using names from different regions in Britain to see what fits best.

By understanding how to navigate the world of British names, you can imbue your characters with more than just a title; you can give them depth, background, and a true sense of place. Happy naming!

Troubleshooting Common Issues with British Names

When crafting British characters, naming them can be trickier than navigating the London Underground during rush hour. Here are some specific scenarios writers may encounter, along with solutions to help you steer clear of naming blunders.

Scenario 1: Overly Complicated Names

You’ve named your character Sir Maximilian von Wigglebottom, and now you realize that no one can remember how to pronounce it. Overly complicated names can confuse readers and pull them out of the story.

Solution: Simplify! Consider how most British names are often quite straightforward. Try Max Wigglebottom instead. If your character needs a touch of elegance without the tongue twister, opt for a classic name like Oliver or Charlotte.

Scenario 2: Anachronistic Names

You’ve created a dashing Victorian hero named Tyrese. While he might sound cool, it wouldn’t make sense historically.

Solution: Research naming trends relevant to your character’s time. Websites like Behind the Name provide historical statistics on name popularity. Consider using names that were common in the Victorian era, like Alfred or Victoria. This approach adds authenticity and allows readers to immerse themselves fully in the setting.

Scenario 3: Cliché Stereotypes

You decide to name your villain Snidely Whiplash, and now the character feels more cartoonish than menacing. Clichéd names can derail character development.

Solution: Strive for originality. Tap into less common but equally menacing names like Percival or Mortimer. Build depth by making the character’s backstory and motives compelling; that way, the name can reflect their complexity rather than serve as a cheap gag.

Scenario 4: Cultural Missteps

Your story features a Scottish character named Ethel while they live in Edinburgh. This misstep may evoke a raised eyebrow or two from your readers.

Solution: Be culturally aware! Research names that reflect the character’s background. Ewan or Fiona might resonate better with a Scottish audience. Being culturally accurate fosters respect and enriches your narrative.

Scenario 5: Names that Don’t Fit the Setting

You’ve set a historical novel in Yorkshire but have given your character an overly modern name like Jade. This scenario can pull readers like a reverse magnet away from the narrative.

Solution: Align names with the setting. Look at lists of popular British names from the era and region you’re writing in. For example, names like Mary or Thomas might feel more appropriate for a Yorkshire setting, particularly in the late 1800s.

Scenario 6: Character Role Confusion

You named two characters, Alice and Alistair, and now readers are getting their roles mixed up. This scenario can lead to confusion when readers flip pages trying to remember who did what.

Solution: Avoid similar-sounding names for major characters. Instead, mix it up with distinct first letters or syllable counts—think Alice and Marcus. This approach distinguishes them, helping readers track the narrative with ease.

Scenario 7: Lengthy Names

You’ve just written a novel where every character has a three-part name. A reader flipping through could easily forget who is who, especially during heated plot points.

Solution: Use shorter names when possible. For example, stick to Jack instead of Jackson Augustus. If you want to maintain some formality, consider titles or nicknames that offer brevity, like calling your character “The Duke” instead of “Duke Christopher Smithson.”

By keeping these scenarios in mind, you can find naming solutions that give your British characters the flair they need while ensuring clarity and engagement for your readers.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Related to British Name

Q. What are some classic British names that can add authenticity to my characters?
A. Classic names like Edward, Beatrice, and William can give your characters a touch of traditional British flair. Think of them as the royal icing on your character cake!

Q. Should I consider the character’s background when choosing a name?
A. Absolutely! A character’s social class, region, and era can influence their name. For instance, a posh character might be named Charlotte, while a working-class character might go for something like Dave.

Q. What are some uniquely British surnames I can use?
A. Consider names like Pembroke, Pritchard, or Thistlethwaite. They add a sprinkle of British charm—your characters will feel more authentic, like they just stepped off a double-decker bus!

Q. Are there names that reflect British history or culture?
A. Certainly! Names like Winston, after Winston Churchill, or Victoria, after Queen Victoria, can evoke strong historical connections. Your character will be a walking history book—or at least a good footnote!

Q. How can I find inspiration for British names?
A. You can dive into British literature, watch period dramas, or even just browse through a list of British surnames. You might stumble upon a name that fits like a tailored suit—snug and stylish!

Q. What about regional names? Do they matter?
A. Yes, they do! A character from London might have different name trends from someone in Yorkshire. Names like Alfie might be popular in the city, while names like Alf would ring true in the countryside.

Q. Can I get creative with names, or should I stick to traditional ones?
A. It’s your world! Feel free to be creative. Mixing traditional and modern names can reflect character development. A character named Mabel might surprise you with a wild side—just wait until she reaches for that third cup of tea!

Q. Are there any name trends I should be aware of?
A. Yes! Just like fashion, names come in and out of style. For example, names like Arthur and Ada are making a comeback. Stay updated so your characters won’t be stuck in a time warp—unless that’s the point!

Q. How do I avoid choosing a name that’s too common or clichéd?
A. Research is key! You can use lists of popular names and try combining them or looking for unique variations. Avoid names like John or Jane unless you’re going for irony. After all, why be ordinary when you can be extraordinary?

Q. Do I need to worry about the pronunciation of British names?
A. A little, yes! While most English speakers will get it, some names can catch people off guard. Names like Siobhan or Eamon might need a quick guide—unless your character loves being a mystery on the tongue!

Conclusion

Choosing the right name for your character is like picking the perfect tea blend; it can make all the difference in your story. British names carry rich histories and cultural significance that can enhance your character’s identity and make them memorable. From classic names like William and Elizabeth to modern choices like Harper and Alfie, the right name can add depth to your narrative. So, whether you’re writing a cozy mystery set in the English countryside or a gritty thriller on the streets of London, remember to consider the power of a name. After all, in the world of storytelling, a great character name is a little magic that leaves a lasting impression on your readers. Happy naming!

Disclaimer: This article on British Names is intended to inform and inspire writers. While we strive to provide accurate information, understanding the nuances of British names requires research. For further insight, visit the UK Office for National Statistics and Behind the Name, which are reputable sources on naming trends. By exploring these resources, writers can create authentic characters, enhancing their stories’ credibility and engagingness.

About the Author

David Harris is a content writer at Adazing with 20 years of experience navigating the ever-evolving worlds of publishing and technology. Equal parts editor, tech enthusiast, and caffeine connoisseur, he’s spent decades turning big ideas into polished prose. As a former Technical Writer for a cloud-based publishing software company and a Ghostwriter of over 60 books, David’s expertise spans technical precision and creative storytelling. At Adazing, he brings a knack for clarity and a love of the written word to every project—while still searching for the keyboard shortcut that refills his coffee.